18. Define Epidemiology .What is
the aims of epidemiology?
Ans: ”The study of the
distribution and determinations of health-related states or event in specified
populations, and the application of this study to the control of health problems
”
Aims/ Objective of Epidemiology:
According to the international Epidemiological Association
(IEA), epidemiology has 3 main arms.
(a) To
describe the distribution and size of disease problems in human populations.
(b) To
identify etiological factors in the pathogenesis of disease.
(c) To
provide the data essential to the planning, implementation and evaluation of
service for the prevention, control and treatment of disease and to the setting
up priorities among those services.
* The ultimate aim of epidemiology is to lead effective
action:
(a)
To eliminate or reduce the health problem or its consequence
(b) To
promote the health and well-being of society as a whole by preventing its
consequence in future.
19. Discuss the use of
epidemiology?
Ans: Study of the
distribution and determination of disease in a defined population helps to:
1. Identify
factors that cause disease.
2. Identify
factors or conditions that can be used or modified to preventive the occurrence
or spread of disease.
3. Explain
how an why disease and epidemics occur.
4. Evaluate
the effectiveness of vaccines and different forms of therapy.
5. Establish
a clinical diagnosis of disease.
6. Identify
the health needs of the community.
7. Evaluate
the effectiveness of health programmers.
8. Predict
the future health needs of a population.