what is Nutrition?

Nutrition: Nutrition is the science of food and its relationship to health for functioning living organism i.c.  Uptake of food, liberation of energy, crimination of waste products and all the synthesis essential for maintains of growth and development.

* CHO, protein and fats are called principle proximate food because they contribute to total energy intake and main bulk of food protein 7-15%, fat 10-30%, CHO 65-80%.

25. Define and classified Food and Nutrition?

Ans: Food: Food is the composite mixture of edible substances which when taken are digested absorbed giving energy, provide growth and repair of wear and tear of the body and also protects body form infection.

Types of food:

 By function

a.     Energy yielding food- Carbohydrate, fat, protein.

b.    Body building food- protein and minerals.

c.     Protective food- Vitamins, minerals and protein.

 By origin

a.     Animal origin.

b.    Vegetable origin.

Function of food----

a.     It satisfy hunger

b.    It is Essential for growth of the body

c.     It provides energy for production of heat and other physical activities

d.    It is Essential for repair of daily wear and tear

e.     It protects body various disease

24. Define the following Term: Infection, Contamination, pollution, Infestation infectious, Disease, contagious disease, communicable disease, Epidemic, Endemic, and Sporadic

       Pandemic, zoon sis, ICDDR, B. 

Ans: Infection: Infection is the entry and multiplication of an infectious agent host. 

Contamination: The presence of an infectious agent an a body surface, also on or in clothes beddings toys surgical instruments or dressings, or other inanimate articles or substance including water, milk and food.

Pollution: Pollution is the presence of offensive, but not necessarily infectious agent in the environment.

Infestation infectious: A clinical manifested disease of a host resulting form an infection.

Disease: It is a state of dysfunction subjectively or objectively apparent and looked upon as maladjustment of the host to the existing environment.

Contagious disease: A disease that is transmitted though contact, e.g. scabies, trachoma, STD, leprosy etc.

Communicable disease: An illness due to a specific infectious agent or its toxic products capable of being directly or indirectly transmitted form man to man animal to animal, or form the environment (through air, dust, soil, water, food etc.) to man or animal. 

Epidemic: The ‘unusual’ occurrence in a community or region of disease, specific health-related behavior (e.g. smoking) or other health-related events (e.g. traffic accidents) clearly in excess of “expected occurrence”.

2. What do you mean by spectrum of health?

Ans: HEALTH SICKNESS SPECTUM

          * The health of on individual is not static; it fluctuates within a range or spectrum, varying form optimum wellbeing to various levels of dysfunction, including the state of total dysfunction (death). The systematic representation of these different levels of health constitutes the sickness spectrum.

11. Define the following terms: Eradication and monitoring, Surveillance.

Ans: Eradication: Termination of all transmission of infection by extermination of the infectious agent through surveillance and containment.

Monitoring: It is the performance and analysis of routine measurement or health status of population.

Surveillance: Surveillance has been defined as – “the continues scrutiny of the factors that determine the occurrence and disease and other conditions of ill-health in a target population”